Spine and Thorax Practice Test

What percentage of low back pain suffers occurs at least once in adults younger than 50?

85%

What percentage of the 85% low back pain suffers are given a precise diagnosis?

20%

What is bilateral compression of the disk with annular fibers intact?

Disk Bulge

What is localized bulging with damage of some annular fibers?

Disk Protrusion

What is it called when nuclear material is now outside the annulus?

Disk Extrusion

Compression at the nerve root that then radiates pain down the lower extremity is?

Radicular Pain ?

If a client feels a replication of symptoms from a single leg raise at 40 degrees with added dorsiflexion, the possibility of sciatic or disc problem exists. What test are you performing? ?

Leseques ?

During the Crossed Leseques test, if the person feels pain in the low back or down the involved leg, what do you do? ?

Refer them to an M.D.

If spinal motion do not correlate with pain, one possibility to consider is what? ?

Visceral / Non soft-tissue causes ?

Pain that is alleviated or exacerbated by a specific posture or movement is probably what? ?

Mechanical in nature ?

Do you treat Hypermobility? No, you refer them to an M.D. ?

During medial compressions, with hypermobility, you feel what? ?

Pain ?

During medial compressions, with hypomobility, you feel what? ?

Relief

What test has the patient bend their leg and put their foot across the opposite knee, and with your hand on the opposite ASIS, push the knee to the table to challenge the end range?

Faber Test

During Faber Test, pain in the groin indicates what?

Hip pathology

During Faber Test, pain in the SI area indicates what?

SI pathology

During the Faber Test, if the discomfort is in the groin and the hip ROM is normal, it is probable that the discomfort is due to what?

Adductor shortness

External rotation of the femur should be at least what?

60 degrees

Internal rotation of the femur should be at least what?

40 degrees

What does the Sartorius attach to?

ASIS

What kind of tissue is fascia?

Fibroelastic connective tissue

PNMT Review of the Spine and Thorax What percentage of low back pain suffers occurs at least once in adults younger than 50? 85% What percentage of the 85% low back pain suffers are given a precise diagnosis? 20% What is bilateral compression of the disk with annular fibers intact? Disk Bulge What is localized bulging with damage of some annular fibers? Disk Protrusion What is it called when nuclear material is now outside the annulus? Disk Extrusion What is the most common site of disk herniation? L5 – S1 Compression at the nerve root that then radiates pain down the lower extremity is? Radicular Pain If a client feels a replication of symptoms from a single leg raise at 40 degrees with added dorsiflexion, the possibility of sciatic or disc problem exists. What test are you performing? Leseques During the Crossed Leseques test, if the person feels pain in the low back or down the involved leg, what do you do? Refer them to an M.D. If spinal motion do not correlate with pain, one possibility to consider is what? Visceral / Non soft-tissue causes Pain that is alleviated or exacerbated by a specific posture or movement is probably what? Mechanical in nature Do you treat Hypermobility? No, you refer them to an M.D. During medial compressions, with hypermobility, you feel what? Pain During medial compressions, with hypomobility, you feel what? Relief What are the muscles that produce increased inclination of the pelvis? TFL Rectus femoris /Sartorius Iliacus / Psoas Multifidi Adductors What are the muscles that produce decreased inclination of the pelvis? Gluteus Maximus Hamstrings Quadratus Femoris External Oblique What are the distortions of the pelvis? Obliquity – Height discrepancy Rotation – Pelvic inclination Axial Rotation – Twist Shear – Pelvic projection What type of treatment do you use to treat tendons and ligaments? Cross fiber friction What type of entry do you use to treat fascia in PNMT? Slow with an angular approach If spinal motions do not correlate with pain, one possibility to consider is what? Visceral What test has the patient bend their leg and put their foot across the opposite knee, and with your hand on the opposite ASIS, push the knee to the table to challenge the end range? Faber Test During Faber Test, pain in the groin indicates what? Hip pathology During Faber Test, pain in the SI area indicates what? SI pathology During the Faber Test, if the discomfort is in the groin and the hip ROM is normal, it is probable that the discomfort is due to what? Adductor shortness External rotation of the femur should be at least what? 60 degrees Internal rotation of the femur should be at least what? 40 degrees What does the Sartorius attach to? ASIS What kind of tissue is fascia? Fibroelastic connective tissue Because of the stabilization role of fascia, therapy directed to connective tissue should be what? Easy entry and easy exit When dealing with fascia, it is also best to use a line to drive that is what? Angular How much time does it take to for fascia to release? 15 Seconds The more shallow you are, the more you get what? Fascia The Erector Spinae does nothing when standing, but when you move forward it is what? Working to checkrein forward flexion During length testing of the Multifidi muscle, how should the spine be when the client curls forward? It should be flat or have reverse curve If the lumbar spine does not reverse curve, the Multifidi are what? Too tight What muscle has a stronger affect on lordosis? Multifidi When a person says they have vertical back pain and it feels better when sitting and it takes a couple of steps to straighten out when getting up, what muscle is indicated? Psoas What muscle is the only muscle that attaches to a disc? Psoas If a person has to sleep with a pillow under knees and cannot do without it, what muscle is indicated? Psoas 70% of back pain is caused from what muscle? Quadratus Lumborum What are the two functions of the QL? Lateral stabilizer Lateral Flexor If a person coughs or sneezes and has back pain and spasms, 80% of the time it is what muscle? QL How many directions of fibers does the QL have? Three (Iliovertebral, Iliocostal, Costovertebral) If a person sneezes and has pain when breathing, what muscle is indicated? Serratus Posterior Inferior While the rotatores do not initiate or produce rotation, they have the potential to do what? Limit rotation to the same side What is the action of the External Oblique Muscle? Contralateral What is the action of the Internal Oblique Muscle? Ipsilateral What is PNMT? Precise application of manual therapy for the relief of pain. What is the best way to get to and work the Serratus Posterior Superior muscle? Have client prone and move to the edge of table and have them dangle arm over the table. The same nerve that supplies a joint also supplies the skin and the muscle surrounding the joint. What law is this? Hilton's Law

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